Which delivery methods are available for estrogen/progestin combination contraception?

• A. Patch
• B. Pill
• C. All of the above
• D. Ring

Answer: (C)

Combined estrogen/progestin contraception is available in multiple forms, all delivering both hormones to prevent ovulation and alter the cervical environment. The three common delivery methods—oral pills taken daily, a transdermal patch worn on the skin and changed weekly, and a vaginal ring inserted for three weeks and removed for a week—each provide systemic estrogen and progestin. The pills come in various regimens (monophasic, biphasic, triphasic); the patch delivers a steady estrogen dose with weekly changes; the ring releases hormones through the vaginal mucosa with monthly use. Because each method uses the same hormonal combination to achieve contraception, all of these are valid delivery options.